Njengoba imboni yezokukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke ithuthuka futhi nokuhlukaniswa kwezabasebenzi kuya ngokuya kuba nzima, izinkampani ziya ngokuya zikhetha ukunikeza abakhiqizi abangochwepheshe ukuklama nokukhiqiza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa izindleko. Kulo mongo, amamodeli we-ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) kanye ne-OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) asephenduke amamodeli amabili ajwayelekile embonini yokukhiqiza. Ngokusekelwe ebudlelwaneni phakathi kwe-CM (Contract Manufacturing) ne-ODM ne-OEM, lesi sihloko sizokwethula ngokujulile futhi sigqamise amakhono anamandla e-PXID nezinzuzo emkhakheni we-ODM.
1. Ukuhlaziywa komqondo we-CM, i-ODM ne-OEM
1.1I-OEM (ukukhiqiza imishini yasekuqaleni)
Imodeli ye-OEM isho ukuthi ikhasimende linikezela ngomklamo nezisombululo zobuchwepheshe zomkhiqizo kumkhiqizi, obese ekhiqiza ngokuvumelana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zekhasimende. Ngaphansi kwalo modeli, umenzi akahlanganyeli ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni komkhiqizo, kodwa unesibopho sokukhiqiza nokukhiqiza kuphela. Imikhiqizo ivamise ukudayiswa ngaphansi kohlobo lwekhasimende, ngakho indima yomkhiqizi iba njengomabi wokukhiqiza. Ngaphansi kwemodeli ye-OEM, ikhasimende liphethe amalungelo okuklama ayinhloko namalungelo ebhrendi omkhiqizo, kuyilapho umkhiqizi ebophezeleka kakhulu ekulawuleni izindleko zokukhiqiza nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi. Inzuzo ye-OEM ukuthi amakhasimende angagxila ekukhangiseni nasekuphathweni komkhiqizo, kuyilapho abakhiqizi behlisa izindleko futhi bathole inzuzo ngokukhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu.
1.2I-ODM (ukukhiqizwa komklamo wokuqala)
Ihlukile ku-OEM, i-ODM ayenzi nje kuphela imisebenzi yokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi ihilela ukuklama komkhiqizo nokucwaninga nokuthuthukiswa. Izinkampani ze-ODM zisebenzisa i-R&D yazo kanye namakhono okuklama ukuze zinikeze amakhasimende izixazululo eziphelele zokuklama. Imikhiqizo kusukela ekubukekeni, ukusebenza kuye kwesinye isakhiwo iklanywe ngokuzimela izinkampani ze-ODM, futhi ngalesi sisekelo, zinikeza amakhasimende ukukhiqizwa kwe-OEM yomkhiqizo. Le modeli yonga amabhrendi isikhathi esiningi nezindleko. Ikakhulukazi ezinkampanini ezingenazo idizayini eqinile namandla e-R&D, imodeli ye-ODM ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuncintisana komkhiqizo wabo.
Isihluthulelo se-ODM ukuthi abakhiqizi abagcini nje ngokukhipha umkhiqizo, kodwa futhi bagqugquzeli bokusungulwa komkhiqizo. Ngokusebenzisana eduze namakhasimende, abakhiqizi be-ODM bangasabela ngokushesha ezidingweni zemakethe futhi basize amakhasimende ethule imikhiqizo evumelana nezitayela zemakethe.
1.3I-CM (Ukukhiqiza Inkontileka)
I-CM iyimodeli yokukhiqiza ebanzi, ehlanganisa i-OEM ne-ODM. Umnyombo wemodeli ye-CM ukuthi umenzi uhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokukhiqiza ngokuya ngezinkontileka zamakhasimende. Ngokucacile kunqubo yokukhiqiza, i-CM ingaba i-OEM noma i-ODM, kuye ngokuthi ikhasimende linikeza idizayini nokuthi umkhiqizi uhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuklama.
Ukuvumelana nezimo kwe-CM kulele eqinisweni lokuthi izinkampani zingakhetha ukukhipha kuphela ukukhiqiza noma ukukhipha yonke inqubo kusukela ekuklanyeni kuya ekukhiqizeni ngokuvumelana nezidingo zabo. Ngaphansi kwemodeli ye-CM, izinkampani zingalungisa kalula amasu azo okukhiqiza ngokuya ngezinguquko zemakethe, ngaleyo ndlela zigcine amandla okuphendula aguquguqukayo emakethe encintisana kakhulu.
2. Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhono e-PXID ODM
Njengenkampani ye-ODM enobuhlakani obusha njengokuncintisana kwayo okuyinhloko, i-PXID idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ochungechungeni lokukhiqiza emhlabeni jikelele. Impumelelo ye-PXID ayibonakali nje kuphela kubuchwepheshe bayo bokukhiqiza okuhle kakhulu, kodwa nasekwakhiweni kwayo okuhle kakhulu kanye nekhono lokwenza amakhasimende ngokwezifiso. I-PXID ihlinzeka amakhasimende ngezixazululo ze-ODM zesitobhi esisodwa ngokuhlanganiswa komklamo, i-R&D kanye ne-supply chain.
2.1.Amakhono amahle kakhulu wokuqamba kabusha
Ukuqamba okusha kwedizayini kungenye yamakhono asemqoka e-PXID. Ngaphansi kwemodeli ye-ODM, amandla okuklama womkhiqizi anquma ngokuqondile ukuncintisana kwemakethe yomkhiqizo. I-PXID inethimba labaklami abanolwazi abangagcini nje ngokujwayelana nezimakethe zamanje, kodwa futhi abakwaziyo ukuklama imikhiqizo emisha ehambisana nesithombe somkhiqizo kanye nokuma kwemakethe ngokwezidingo zamakhasimende.
Ithimba lokuklama le-PXID lingathuthukisa ngokushesha imikhiqizo ehlukene ngokusekelwe kulokho okuthandwa ngabathengi bezimakethe ezahlukene. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ibhayisikili likagesi noma isikuta sikagesi, i-PXID ingathembela ekuqondeni kwayo okujulile kwemakethe nasemicabangweni yokuklama emisha ukwethula izixazululo zomkhiqizo obheke phambili ukusiza amakhasimende agqame emakethe eqhudelana kakhulu.
2.2.Amandla e-R&D aqinile
Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kungenye yezixhumanisi ezibaluleke kakhulu kumodeli ye-ODM. I-PXID iyaqhubeka nokukhulisa utshalomali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, iphethe amalungelo obunikazi futhi isiwine imiklomelo eminingi yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inamaphrojekthi amaningi okuklama asezingeni eliphezulu njengephrojekthi yebhayisikili elisizwa ugesi ka-Volcon, iphrojekthi yebhayisikili elisizwa ngogesi ye-YADEA-VFLY, kanye nephrojekthi yebhayisikili elisizwa ngogesi wamasondo. Ithimba le-R&D le-PXID alikwazi nje kuphela ukuguqula imiqondo emisha libe yizixazululo zangempela zomkhiqizo, kodwa futhi ngokuqhubekayo lenza ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo nokulawula izindleko phakathi nenqubo yokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuncintisana komkhiqizo emakethe.
(Amasondo)
Njengoba ngaphezu kuka-25,000 wamamitha-skwele wendawo yokukhiqiza, ithimba lezobuchwepheshe elichwepheshile elakhiwe izisebenzi eziphezulu eziyi-100+, ithimba le-R&D elinabantu abangaphezu kuka-40, kanye neminyaka engu-11 yokuhlangenwe nakho kwemboni, yonke inombolo iyisizathu sokuthi i-PXID iqiniseke ngokwanele.
(Ithimba lokuklama)
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PXID inamathisela ukubaluleka okukhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi kwemikhiqizo yayo futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo ngamunye ungahlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzisi bokugcina ngemijikelezo eminingi yokuhlola nokwenza kahle. Lo mqondo we-R&D ogxile kubasebenzisi unike amandla imikhiqizo ye-PXID ukuthi ithole ukuqashelwa okusabalele nokudunyiswa emakethe.
2.3Ukuphathwa kwe-supply chain ngendlela efanele kanye namakhono okukhiqiza
I-PXID ayinakho nje kuphela ukuklama okuqinile kanye nekhono le-R&D, kodwa futhi inohlelo oluphelele lokuphatha uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza. Ukuphathwa kwe-Supply chain isixhumanisi esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni imikhiqizo kusukela ekuklanyweni kuya ekukhiqizweni kuye ekulethweni. Ngokusebenzisana nabahlinzeki abahamba phambili emhlabeni, i-PXID yakhe isistimu yochungechunge lokunikezela ngezinto esebenza kahle futhi eguquguqukayo ngokubambisana nabahlinzeki abahamba phambili emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imishini yokukhiqiza ethuthukile futhi ephumelelayo ingaqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ingalethwa ngesikhathi nangenani.
Ukuphathwa kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-PXID kuhlanganisa zonke izici kusukela ekuthengeni impahla eluhlaza, ekulawuleni inqubo yokukhiqiza kuye kwezokuthutha kanye nokusabalalisa. Ngohlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kanye nenethiwekhi yezokuthutha esebenza kahle, i-PXID ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa kuphela izinga eliphezulu lemikhiqizo nokulethwa ngesikhathi, kodwa futhi nokusiza amakhasimende ehlise ingcindezi yokusungula kanye nobungozi bemakethe.
(I-workshop yokukhiqiza amathuluzi)
(CNC processing workshop)
(EDM tooling processing workshop)
(Ilabhorethri yokuhlola)
2.4Amasevisi enziwe ngokwezifiso namandla okukhiqiza avumelana nezimo
Izinsizakalo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zingenye inzuzo enkulu ye-PXID. Njengomkhiqizi we-ODM, i-PXID iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngemiklamo eyenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo nezinsizakalo zokukhiqiza ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zamakhasimende. Inqubo ye-ODM ye-PXID ihlanganisa nokukhiqizwa kwe-prototype. I-PXID yakha i-prototype yangempela, ekwazi ukugibela ukuze iqinisekise zonke izakhiwo zemishini nokusebenza kwengxenye ukuze ilungiselele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iqoqo elincane lama-oda enziwe umuntu siqu noma ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu, i-PXID ingaqinisekisa ukulethwa kokukhiqiza okuphumelelayo nokusezingeni eliphezulu ngezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziguquguqukayo.
(Ukukhiqizwa kwe-prototype)
Izinsizakalo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ze-PXID azikhawulelwe ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo, kodwa futhi zifaka phakathi idizayini yokupakisha, ukwenza ngokwezifiso umkhiqizo kanye neziphakamiso zesu lokumaketha. Ngokubambisana okujulile namakhasimende, i-PXID iyakwazi ukunikeza amakhasimende ukwesekwa kwawo wonke futhi isize amakhasimende afinyelele izisombululo ezididiyelwe kusukela ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo kuya ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo.
Kuphrojekthi yebhayisikili elisizwa ngogesi eyenzelwe i-Volcon, ibhayisikili lisebenzisa umzimba we-aluminium yonke, futhi uhlaka olungaphansi luthatha inqubo yokubumba i-aluminium enamandla aphezulu. Imoto yonke inomkhawulo omkhulu wamandla. Ibhethri elinomthamo omkhulu wemoto yonke lingasuswa ngokushesha, kanye nendawo yokugcina Eklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa. Isihlalo esinwetshiwe esinezimbobo ngokwezifiso senza ukugibela kube lula. Amandla okukhiqiza aqinile we-PXID nawo anikeza isiqinisekiso esiqinile sokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi. Kusukela ekwakhiweni kuya ekukhiqizweni kwesibonelo, kuye ekuhlolweni kokuhlola kuye ekwakhiweni kokugcina kokupakisha nokuhlanganiswa kokukhiqiza, ukuqedwa kwesixhumanisi ngasinye kuwubufakazi bamakhono e-ODM ye-PXID. Ngokulawula okuqinile kwekhwalithi nezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziphumelelayo, i-PXID iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kuzo zonke izinyathelo futhi ekugcineni izuze ukulethwa komkhiqizo wekhwalithi ephezulu.
(I-Volcon)
2.5Ukwesekwa kwemakethe yomhlaba wonke
Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yomhlaba wonke, i-PXID ayigxili kuphela ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo yomhlaba wonke, kodwa futhi inaka ngokukhethekile ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo kanye nokwesekwa kwemikhiqizo. Izidingo zabathengi kanye nezidingo zokulawula ziyahlukahluka ezimakethe ezahlukene. Lapho i-PXID ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ze-ODM kumakhasimende, izolungisa ngokuvumelana nezici zemakethe zezifunda ezihlukahlukene ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imikhiqizo ingahlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi bendawo kanye nezidingo zokulawula.
Ngokusungula inethiwekhi yesevisi yomhlaba wonke, i-PXID iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka amakhasimende ngosizo lobuchwepheshe olusheshayo kanye nesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa, esiza amakhasimende ukuthi aqhudelane kakhulu emakethe yomhlaba.
3. Inani lebhizinisi elethwa amandla e-PXID ODM
Amandla e-ODM anamandla e-PXID aletha inani elibalulekile lebhizinisi kumakhasimende, eliboniswa ngokukhethekile kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
3.1Yehlisa i-R&D yamakhasimende nezindleko zokukhiqiza
Ngokukhetha izinsiza ze-ODM ze-PXID, amakhasimende anganciphisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nezingozi ekuthuthukisweni nasekukhiqizeni umkhiqizo. I-R&D evuthiwe ye-PXID kanye nohlelo lokukhiqiza lunganciphisa ngempumelelo umjikelezo womkhiqizo kusukela ekwakhiweni kuya ekuqalisweni, ngaleyo ndlela kusize amakhasimende ukuthi angene emakethe ngokushesha. Le modeli yesevisi ephumelelayo ayinciphisi kuphela izindleko ze-R&D zamakhasimende, kodwa futhi isiza amakhasimende ukuzuza ukulawulwa kwezindleko enqubweni yokukhiqiza.
3.2Thuthukisa ukusungulwa komkhiqizo kanye nokuncintisana kwezimakethe
Ngamakhono ayo okuklama amahle kakhulu kanye nekhono le-R&D, i-PXID iyakwazi ukunikeza amakhasimende izisombululo zomkhiqizo ezintsha nezivumelana nezimakethe. Leli khono lokuphendula ngokushesha ezinguqukweni zemakethe livumela amakhasimende e-PXID ukuthi ahlale ephethe isikhundla esiphambili emikhiqizweni emqhudelwaneni oshubile wemakethe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu ehlinzekwa yi-PXID iphinde isize amakhasimende ukuthuthukisa isithombe sabo somkhiqizo kanye nesabelo semakethe.
3.3Ukusabela okuguquguqukayo ezidingweni zemakethe
Ngaphansi kwemodeli ye-ODM, i-PXID ingakwazi ukuphendula kalula ezidingweni ezihlukene zamakhasimende. I-PXID ingahlinzeka ngezixazululo zokukhiqiza eziguquguqukayo kusukela ekukhiqizweni okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kweqeqebana elincane ukuya ekukhiqizweni kwenani elikhulu. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo akusizi nje kuphela amakhasimende ukunciphisa ingcindezi yokusungula, kodwa futhi kwenza amakhasimende akwazi ukulungisa ngokushesha amasu omkhiqizo ngokwezinguquko ezifunwa yimakethe, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise isivinini sokuphendula emakethe.
3.4Usekelo lwendawo lwezimakethe zomhlaba
Amandla osekelo lwendawo e-PXID ezimakethe zomhlaba agqamile ezinsizeni zayo ze-ODM. Ngokuqonda okujulile izidingo zokulawula kanye nokuthandwa ngabathengi kwezimakethe ezahlukene, i-PXID iyakwazi ukunikeza amakhasimende izisombululo zomkhiqizo ezihlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe yendawo futhi isize amakhasimende azuze impumelelo enkulu emakethe yomhlaba.
Njengenkampani ehamba phambili ye-ODM, i-PXID ayigcini nje ngokuba namandla okuklama nokukhiqiza aqinile, kodwa futhi inikeza amakhasimende ukwesekwa okuphelele nge-R&D enhle kakhulu, ukuphathwa kwe-supply chain kanye nezinsizakalo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Izinsizakalo ze-ODM ze-PXID zisiza amakhasimende ehlise izindleko, athuthukise ukusungulwa komkhiqizo, futhi asheshise ukusabela kwemakethe. Emakethe yanamuhla yomhlaba wonke encintisana kakhulu, i-PXID isiphenduke uzakwethu othandwayo wemikhiqizo eminingi ngamakhono ayo amahle kanye nezinsizakalo. Kulezo zinkampani ezifuna ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo nokukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokusha, i-PXID ngokungangabazeki inguzakwethu we-ODM ongcono kakhulu.
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